One-Time Password (OTP)

An email-based One-Time Password (OTP) is a two-factor authentication (2FA) method where a user receives a temporary access code sent to their email address. This code is used to confirm their identity when logging into an account or performing certain secure actions within a system. Here’s how it works:

How it Works:

1. Account Sign-In: The user enters their login credentials (username and password) on a website or app.
2. OTP Request: The system requests a second factor of authentication and automatically sends an OTP to the user’s registered email address.
3. Receiving the OTP: The user checks their email to find a message containing the temporary code, typically a series of numbers.
4. Entering the OTР: The user enters the received OTP code on the website or app to confirm their identity.
5. Limited Time Validity: The OTP code is valid for only a short window, often 5 minutes, after which it expires.
6. One-Time Use: Each OTP code is intended for single use. Once entered, it cannot be reused for authentication.

Advantages of Using Email OTP:

• Enhanced Security: OTP adds an extra layer of security, protecting the account from unauthorized access even if the main password is compromised.
• Ease of Use: Users typically have ready access to their email, making this method convenient without the need to download additional apps.
• Cost-free: Sending OTPs via email usually doesn’t incur additional costs for the user.
• Broad Availability: Email is accessible on nearly any device with an internet connection, allowing for OTP receipt anywhere.

Disadvantages:

• Dependence on Email Access: If access to the email account is lost or the email service is down, the user cannot receive the OTP.
• Phishing Vulnerability: Email can be susceptible to phishing attacks, raising the risk of OTP interception by fraudsters.

Delivery Delays: Sometimes there can be delays in email delivery, which can complicate timely system access.